If a metal is hit suddenly and with force with light then as a result the electrons on the outer layer flow into waves which are named as plasmons. They give off light of their own body. The studies show that the frequency of that emitted radiation (light) is actually tells about the electronic characteristic nature of the surface of the metal. This light is likely to be readily affected by contaminations.Kevin Tetz has worked on this phenomenon in collaboration with his fellow scientists. They belong to the Ultrafast and Nanoscale Optics Group at the University of California, San Diego. They succeeded in designing a system to use them in trying for any surface contamination on the surface of any material.

They took a slim layer of metal and then drilled it with nanoscale holes by placing it onto the surface of the material being examined. They bombarded the perforated metal plate with laser light. In a result of that zapping, the surface plasmons gave off light; that emitted light’s frequency was the result of the particles hitting the plate. A sensitive light detector is required to get the measurements of the frequency of light being emitted.

The team working on this idea tells that by using this approach on latest devices will make them smaller in size and portable. The devices will function on low power. They would be able to determine the existence of anything from explosive substances to bacteria.

The only one thing which is required is to build a system having the capability to decode the light signatures.

The scientists have developed new laser technology; this technology will improve the precision of telescopes. There was a time when it was a dream but with the advent of this technology human being would be able to watch the expansion of the universe in real time.These advancements were published in the latest edition of Science. The researchers described about that. Michael Murphy is also among the researchers working on that; he is an astronomer of Swinburne University. They demonstrated how a laser frequency comb becomes helpful in calibration process of an infra-red telescope.

This laser will be greatly useful for astronomers. They would be able to know about different aspects of distant galaxies and stars in a more precise manner than ever before.

This laser frequency comb was developed by Theodor Hansch. He is a research scientist working for the Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics. He is also a joint noble prize winner (physics) of the year 2005. His works include the advent of the technologies.

The comb discharges pulses of light several femtoseconds in a time period of a quadrillionth of a second. These emissions are given off in regularly spaced wavelengths.

Murphy described about the functioning of this technology. He said that when this technology is linked with the telescope, you will see a ruler; this is meant to measure wavelengths. By this the movement speed of the things in space can be measured.

Murphy, who is one of the chief instigators of the research, says the team succeeded in calibrating the German Vacuum Tower Telescope, an infrared telescope used to track the movement of clouds of gas on the sun.

He says it is currently difficult to calibrate telescopes in the infrared spectrum below 10 meters per second. However by using the new technique, the team managed to achieve nine meters per second calibration.

Murphy told that we used the atomic clock for the first time in astronomy; the reason is the precision of their functioning. We are expecting great openings of new researches in a field of astronomy by this. This will enable scientists to perform and get which was a dream in the past.The technology needs many improvements and in future it will be enhanced. It will get more precise in calibration of the spectrographs to record changes. It will record them in even velocity of one centimeter/sec in the optical range with absolute accuracy and precision.

Murphy is a member of a team working for a project designated for the European Southern Observatory’s designed 42-meter diameter European Extremely Large Telescope.

It is being expected that this telescope would measure the expansion of the universe by observing the redshift movement throughout a period of next twenty years.

If any object in space is moving away from an observer, its light will be stretched towards the reddish part of the spectrum. This effect is called as “redshift”.

Some other scientists also reviewed on this development. Tamara Davis said that this development is exciting news for all researchers because it opened up many possibilities for future space research. She is an astrophysicist at University of Queensland.

She says currently we can only observe the expansion of the universe in “snapshots” with measurements taken at different times.

This technology will enable human being to get a “movie” of a galaxy’s evolution in real time.

If I would say that we would be able to drive on air in some years what would you say? It is not fantasy saying it is possible. The future vehicles would be powered by compressed air, rather than gasoline or diesel fuel.Yu-Ta Shen and Yean-Ren Hwang are the two researchers working on that technology. They belong to the National Central University (Taiwan). They succeeded in developing an air-powered motorcycle. They motorcycle will use compressed air for its energy instead of gas to drive the motor.

Hwang told that Taiwan is a populous country; pollution is a big problem there. He told that approximately 20% of the air pollution comes from motorcycles. This pollution is having carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons. The emissions coming out of the motorcycles and scooters are more dangerous than coming out of the cars.

The only thing which will come out of the motorcycle’s tailpipe will be air. The large-scale adoption of these new motorcycles would clean up the big percentage of pollution in Taiwan. Taiwan is the country where motorcycles are the most popular transporting vehicles. This new technology will also be a big thing for other places of the world where motorcycles are mostly used for transportation.

However the use of energy could not be eliminated from these new motorcycles. It will require energy for the compression of the air; this compressed air will be used to power the engine. The pollution generated in this way will depend on the compression plants.

The presently introduced model (prototype) is able to carry more than two and a half gallons of compressed air. This air would be enough to drive the motorcycle to three-quarters of a mile.

In the future models, capacity will be increased three to four times by increasing the size of the tank. The maximum pressure which the tank would be able to hold will be made greater in degree. By this the bike will travel a distance of almost 20 miles. After that it will require a refill. This was told by Hwang. This capacity would be enough to for the requirements in the city. To refuel the bike an air compressor would be required. It will be done by establishing fueling stations.

The information about this new creation was published in the journal Applied Energy.

Other experts doing the research work on air-powered technology for vehicles do not agree that employment of this new technology in bikes would be the best option.

These scientists do not think it’s a feasible product. They describe the reason that a very limited amount of compressed air could be put on a bike. This was said by Shiva Vencat. He is Executive Vice President of MDI, Inc. in New Paltz, N.Y. and CEO of Zero Pollution Motors.

Vencat told that they have made a vehicle that will address the consumer market. He said that it is not a motor bike. The detail information about that vehicle could not be released at the moment. Briefly it would be a smaller vehicle. It will replace the motorcycles rightly in many countries like Taiwan where bikes are very much in use.

Zero Pollution Motors programs to introduce a new car in the U.S. market. It would be six-seated air-powered car. The company is competing in the Automotive X Prize race which will be held next year in September. That vehicle will be introduced after that competition. That X Prize is offering $10 million prize. This will be given to a marketable vehicle if it exceeds a fuel economy of 100 miles per gallon.

The cars manufacturing by ZPM runs of compressed air only below the speed on 35 miles/hr. if the speed exceeds, it burns fuel to warm up the air. This expands the air and enables the car to run on less air per mile. Few amount of this expanded air also returns back to the air tank. It recharges the compressed air supply.

This mechanism keeps working at the speed more than 100 miles/gallon. This was told by Vencat. The vehicles having 8-10 gallon fuel tank, the vehicles can travel 800-1000 miles distance.

The motor can also be employed as a compressor to refill the air tank. It can be done by plugging it. Vencat says that that the number of fueling stations will increase with the increase of the car adoption.

One best thing about these fuelling stations is that they can be established in open fields and also in public areas such as malls. The security measures which are necessary for the gasoline stations are not required in these compressed air stations. This was told by Vencat.

ZPM announced that they will start the manufacturing of these air-fuelled cars at the end of 2010 or start of 2011.

The G1’s touchscreen is much responsive as we experienced in the Apple’s devices. The G1 also features some useful introductions. This includes press and hold feature which could be used to drag icons and photos from one place to another in the phone. It also has a useful magnifying glass. It, as you know, could be used to drag across web pages in order to increase the size of any specific section of the screen.

The functionalities presented on the G1 are the same as we saw on the iPhone. You can enlarge web pages by simply pressing your fingers on the screen. The movement on the screen is very simple whether your are making calls, sending email, chatting, browsing on net, searching through contacts and calendars. All these functionalities are just a single click or press of a finger away. The same experience which you get on the iPhone.

It also features a music player on it. It takes music tracks from iTunes and runs MP3 files. It will launch in the UK soon. The phone will be featuring a removable 2GB memory card in it. It will have the capacity to store hundreds of song files in it.

The major difference between the two devices is certainly the openness of Google’s Operating System. This system is known as Android. This is the system through which tech-heads would be able to design ‘widgets’ for the phone.

G1 is the first phone that is having Android. It is a very good achievement. But still iPhone is having an edge over G1.

In this article you will came to know that how the new mobile from Google meets its main rival, Apple’s iPhone. It is expected to release in the month of November and will be on the shelves of the UK’s stores.

It is recently launched by Google and T-Mobile. Both of them didn’t mention the name of its big rival (iPhone), but anyone who picks up G1 can know easily that it is iPhone’s competitor. It will be the search giant’s first mobile phone.

Now we will look at the features of the G1 mobile phone. First of all it has a shape like a phone which is not in the case of its rival. It is having red and green call buttons which are common and compulsory in every phone. It also has ‘back’ and ‘home’ buttons; these are meant to use in case of any mistake in operation of the functions. Tracking ball is also there as we see in Blackberry. This is functional and can be used as a mouse if anybody feels confused to use touchscreen systems.

There is one big difference. It is its QWERTY keypad. It is not on the front; it comes out when the screen is slid to its side. The buttons appear to be small in size but do not cause mistake while using as compared to iPhone’s keypad. Now we come to its size; it is heavier and bigger in size as compared to its rival Apple iPhone. It is also not much attractive in appearance.

Technology wise it is good and could be graded even better in many perspectives when compared to iPhone. For example it is fast working while downloading from the internet. Its camera results are also much attractive. Despite of all these good things it lacked great admiration which we saw when Apple announced its device last summer.

The data packets are exactly those needed to deliver the disruption-free video. The researchers use extra data packets in the transmission process to save the information if anything unexpectedly happens.

For example if two video packets are to be transmitted, an additional data packet is added equal to the sum of the bytes in the two video data packets. If any one of these transmitted data packets gets lost, the original information would be able to retrieve from the other two data packets. This was told by Wiegand.

This new coding format makes safe the most important part of the video. It makes it possible to restrict the extra data packets in keeping the major information. If it happened something undesirable, only the quality of the video will be affected. The extension of the H.264/AVC format is given the name of SVC. SVC stands for scalable video coding. It can work on all H.264/AVC-compatible devices. So you do not require purchasing new devices to use this video formatting.

Furthermore, it functions on its own, without any support of the overall data volume. It ensures error-free reception even in the case of high-resolution TV. The work on SVC standardization has reached to its completion. It will be used in different applications in near future. Some of these applications would be HDTV, the Internet, video conferences, surveillance technology or mobile radio.

This new extended format is displayed at the IBC conference held in Amsterdam. The conference continued from Sep-12 to Sep-16.

Video coding techniques always needed to be enhanced. Digital images often results disrupt video display. The new video coding technique is introduced with the name of H.264/AVC.
It will ensure the protection of the most significant part of the information and will transmit data packets safely to in reaching the receiver.

For example if you are watching your favorite detective series. And at its climax, the very severe thunderstorm outside disturbs the digital image on your TV. The picture starts moving with still movements and it becomes difficult to detect the murderer. Why such things happen? The reason is its crystal-clear image quality. It causes its disruption. In the high definition TV or HDTV, it is having an increased volume of data.

In this situation the data packets are at exposed to a chance of damage during transmission. There is a chance of loss of information. This lays a big trouble for developers of video coding techniques. It becomes difficult for developers to recover the data if it is once lost. It requires extra effort to correct the error.

The researchers from three different German institutes are doing research work on improving standardized video coding techniques. These institutes are Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich-Hertz-Institute and HHI in Berlin. The research work is being done on techniques like the H.264/AVC format. The video technique is used by the YouTube video portal and Apple’s QuickTime player.

If an Internet connection becomes overloaded data packets are randomly discarded during transmission of information. The viewer sees a jerky picture as a result of that. The new extension of the H.264/AVC coding format saves the important parts of the data packets from being lost. This results in clear broadcasting without error. This was stated by Thomas Wiegand. He is the head of department at the HHI and a professor at the Berlin Institute of Technology.

The manufacturing cost of insert and outsert would be $20,000 and $8 million. It is expected that both of them will survive about 100 pulses and 10,000 pulses respectively. The force is very much high and each time it pulses it bends the copper and silver wires. The forceful pulses create tiny cracks in the metal. The cracks created in the copper move into the silver wires and there they stop.

It is similar to the reinforced concrete. That was stated by Boebinger.
The copper material is strong and tough similar to the concrete. The silver is just as the steel bars present in the concrete, which gives flexibility to it.

The inner and outer magnets can collectively create 90 teslas.
Telis is a unit of magnetic flux density; it measures the pulling force of a magnetic field. Even one tesla is having power in it. The Earth’s magnetic field is approximately 50 microteslas. An average MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) machine is having the magnetic field ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 teslas.

The scientists are hoping to develop more powerful electromagnet within few months. They will succeed in achieving the targeting goal of 100 teslas through it. This will neither be the first 100-tesla electromagnet nor technically be the world’s most powerful magnet. Electromagnets having magnetic force of 1,000 teslas have already been created in history. The significant thing about this new electromagnet will be that it would be the world’s first reusable 100-tesla magnet.

New materials would work for the high definition MRI scans or power lines in future; one example of these materials is iron oxyarsenide. These materials do not waste energy in the form of heat. This will save millions of dollars of the consumers which goes void each year.
At last, this new electromagnet will break as a result of the incredible pressures. This will be intensively forceful breakage.

The building would have to be evacuated before turning the magnet on. This was said by Boebinger. The disassembly of a magnetic will make a resonant sound.

Scientists are working on to build the most powerful electromagnet of the world. The strongest known materials are being used to make this magnet. This magnet will not blow up a split second after it’s turned on.

The whole magnet will be having coil sets in it. The entire magnet will weight approximately 18,000 pounds. The power will be given by jolts; the energy will be generated through massive 1,200-megajoules motor generators. You can imagine the power of that magnet by this thing that after activation, it would be approximately two million times more powerful as compared to the average magnet fitted in the refrigerator.

The work on this new magnet is going at the High Field Lab. It is a fantastic leap forwards in material exploration. It will increase the capabilities of a scientific community to find out materials which could persist under extreme conditions. This was said by Ian Fisher, who is a scientist at Stanford University.

In many cases the scientists need to go to these sorts of extreme levels in order to understand the nature and behavior of the materials fundamentally, which are used in high-temperature superconductors and other applications. This was told by Fisher.
The electromagnet is having two main parts. The outer part or section will be a cylinder. It will be having a diameter and length of 1.5 meter (4.9 feet). It will be a solid body except for a small hole. The size of the small hole (width wise) will be less than 8 inches and will be at the middle of cylinder.

At the inner side of that hole there are nine coils which are made of copper. These coils are strengthened with silver wire. These two materials – copper and silver - combine to create the material with maximum strength possible today. This was told by Greg Boebinger who is presently the Director of the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory in Florida. The magnet has passed most of its completion stage. That work is being done at the Los Alamos National Laboratory.

The pressure produced inside the insert is measured to be equal to the pressure if two hundred dynamite sticks are fired together. It could also be explained by that it is equal to the thirty times of the pressure at the bottom of the sea. This is an intense pressure. Very few materials can face these forces for long time. The same thing is with the new magnet.

Apple’s announced latest batch of productions. It includes afresh, lighter and smaller iPod. It is the thinnest ever iPod nano. It’s the fourth generation. The new models both feature sleek new designs. This nano has the biggest advance in terms of functionality. It is attained through an elaborated user interface and an integral accelerometer. It lets the user in performing tricks. It automatically switches to Shuffle mode when the unit is juddered.

It is having 3.5-inch widescreen glass display, 802.11 b/g Wi-Fi wireless networking, integral speaker, accelerometer and Multi-Touch™ user interface. The fresh iPod touch also has inbuilt Nike + iPod. It enables to monitor workouts. It is customized to the individual needs when utilized with the Nike + iPod shoe sensor.

The fresh iPod Touch is for sale up to 32GB. Good news is that it is cheap. 8GB model is available at USD$229 and the 16GB model at USD$299. 32 GB model is also available at USD$399. The fresh iPod nano is for sale now. 8GB is available at USD$149 and 16GB model is available at USD$199. It offers up to 24 hours of music playback. Four hour timing period is for video playback. The available colors are silver, purple, blue, green, orange, yellow, pink, red and black.

The third release is a new edition of iTunes (iTunes 8). It features “Genius” function. It is configured to enhance the creation of playlists. It supports television programs to the iTunes Store.

An eyeless sensor has been invented. Inspiration is taken from the ability of the human skin to ’see’ colors and objects. This would make optical technologies available in the market obsolete. This futuristic device created by Lenoid Yaroslavsky. He is the scientist at Tel Aviv University. This would help in understanding how this primal inherent aptitude might have developed over millions of years. This behavior can be seen also in plants and animals. In fact the biological scientists contest the possibility that there may be a scientific thought for ’skin vision’. Yaroslavsky conceives that skin vision would guide to new advances in therapies. This could help the blind in regaining vision.

Skin sight is ordinary in nature. Plants familiarize themselves with surroundings and circumstances with it. Some reptiles use infrared vision - pit vipers is an example for that. Many reptiles are having skin sensors, which help them in seeing without eyes. Skin vision in human beings is actually a natural atavistic quality. It involves light-sensitive cells in the body skin. These are having connection with neuro-machinery working in the body and the brain. This was told by Yaroslavsky.

He is presently working on imaging simulation theories. He is working on the theories which rely on computer software. His work would lead to future inventions with practical applications.
These devices would have special sensors in them. This would help in coping with terrorist acts at airports and radiation at sea. This would also lead to make new night-vision technological items or near-weightless objects for space activities. These devices would guide spaceships to stars outside our galaxy.

Traditional imaging lenses are currently being used. They just work within a limited range of electromagnetic radiation. They are still very costly. They also have some limitations regarding bulk, weight and field of view. The new lens-less devices could be adapted to any kind of situation. They can be used for different radiations and wavelengths. They could basically function with a ‘bionic’ 360-degree field of view.

Their imaging potentiality would be decided by computer. In other devices it is determined by the laws of light diffraction. This was told by Yaroslavsky. These applications would soon be developed. He hopes to convince biologists to have faith into the mechanisms of optics-less vision.

SanDisk has brought a 32GB CompactFlash (CF) card. It is introduced in its Extreme III line. It provides transfer rates of 30 MB/s. it is sufficient to keep more than 80 minutes of 100 MB/s, 10-bit, 4:2:2 HD video. The MSRP of this card will be around 300 US dollars. It comes to stores worldwide in October.

A card of this working speed and storage space is apparently a best HD video. The pro photographers who photograph in space desirous RAW formatting. They are also long-lasting. It is featuring a functioning temperature which ranges from -13F (equal to -25C) to 185F (equal to 85C).

The 50% of the speed in increased (up from 20MB/s). It will also run through to the littler capacity cards in Sandisk’s CF other productions.

ASUS is going to enter into the world of touch screen-interfacing with the release of its new product. It announced ASUS P552w PDA phone. It is not announced when it will be in the market and also not mentioned its cost.
The following features are included in this unit.

1. 624 MHz processor. ( Marvell Tavor)

2. GPS.

3. 2.8” touch-screen.

4. In-built camera (2 MP).

5. 3.5G HSDPA.

6. Bluetooth

7. WLAN 802.11b/g connectivity.

Dimensions are 102 x 60.5 x 14.5 mm (4″ x 2.4″ x 0.57″).it weighs 105g (3.7oz). It features the touch-navigation system. It is marketed with the name of “Glide”. It is easy to operate and ensures simple fingertip use of applications. The user would have intuitive control over functions like zooming, scrolling and flipping.

The company already had offered smart phones running on Windows Mobile 6.1 operating system. The ASUS P552w will also work on that OS. It will have photo and music management applications like EziPhoto and EziMusic. The common web application programs like RSS newsfeeds, YouTube and Flickr will also work on that.

One byproduct of this is the ASUS SMS Location Link. This is the feature which allows people at different places to swiftly find each other. This is achieved by sending and receiving SMS messages and links to relevant info and directions through Google Maps.
The appearance and the 3D touch interface of the HTC Touch had already been compared with each other. We’ll be waiting to see the final shape of the P552w. it will soon hit the market. Detail about Specifications is as under.

Features:

Networks: HSDPA 3.6Mbps, UMTS 2100, EDGE/GPRS/GSM 900/1800/1900, Class 10.
Operating System: Microsoft Windows® Mobile 6.1™ Professional.
Standby Time: 300 hrs with 3G and 250 hrs with 2G.
Talk Time: 3 hrs with 3G and 5 hrs with 2G.
Memory: 256MB Flash + 128MB DDR.
Expansion Slot: MicroSD with SDHC support.
Connectivity: WLAN 802.11b+g, USB v1.1 (FS), Bluetooth 2.0+EDR.
WAP Browser: HTTP / WAP 1.2.1/2.0.
Messaging: SMS / MMS / Email / MSN / Push E-mail.
Battery: 1100mAh Li-Ion.
GPS: SiRF StarIII with internal antenna.
PIM: Word (editor), Excel (editor), Power Point (viewer), IE, Windows® Live, MSN, Voice Commander and Push.
Email (Exchange Server)
The available color will be black or white. Display would be 2.8″ TFT, Touch Screen 65K color, QVGA 240 x 320 pixels.